Showing posts with label linear. Show all posts
Showing posts with label linear. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 9, 2015

Linear Amplifier Problem- 3

A friend experienced a problem and solved it. first image depeicts the problem and second image depicts the solutions.

Question :---
My friend Vadivel requested in the Indian Homebrewer forum ::  " Help Needed on MOSFET Linear amplifier. I'm using Linear amp used with Minima TRX. Its working very fine. But the low pass filter is getting too hot / smoke after TX of 10~20 secs. I used 2x TV balun glue together and 3 turns of 28 SWG. SWR is corrected with the use of Pi network ATU. Any suggestions welcome. "

 The problem:---

The RF theory :---

The low pass filter was made with the pig nose baluns. But, IMHO opinion it can not handle the passing of 15watt rf.  If  core gets burned or becoming hot, its probably got damaged due to the heat. Please do not use it further. discard that piece and never use this baluns as filter eliment. they can handle just 1watt.

In my experiments I have found that, You need atleast minimum 4 big pignose baluns stacked for linear amplifier transformer.

The solutions :---


The coil is made over the felt pen body. The sketch pen body is the beast material to make the coil for low pass filter. Its diameter is uniform, widely available and most of the time they are in standard size.

A friend suggested  to use air core. And our great elmer shri  Dev Rama Prabhu say's, let me reproduce in his own word ::
Dear sir, if any inductor core is becoming hot it means it is very lossy! Just replace with one more core as these cores are not repeatable! Otherwise as Mr Rajesh has suggested use aircore and I always use aircore with Teflon formers. 73

Thursday, August 13, 2015

Heat-Sinks

I first learnt about the heatsink in my early days with VU2LEX around 1994. He showed me the calculations for his cwtx. etc But somehow I never need the heatsinks seriously till I made the IRF640 LINEAR in 2014.

My success with linear is mostly attributed to the first big heatsink I found from flea wendor. It costed me about Rs40/- about half dollar a two years ago. It was a Pentium computer heatsink. Then I found few in Mumbai lamington roads flea vendors and then from my local markets. As such these are not normally sold in shops. But, there is a shop in Mumbai which specially sells the very big  heat sinks, but it will be costly for a single purchase. (will appraise its name later on)

Here are the pictures of various types of the heatsinks available with me ( I am not selling anything he he ... these are for all my upcoming linear projects/devices)
(will update the pictures on 14aug2015)
Empirical calculations for calculating the heatsink temperature.

Basic formula for temperature rise VS area VS power dissipation.

Say your area is 1 square inch and dissipation is 1 watt, ther temperature rise in C is 130 degrees C

increase area to 10 square inches and the temperature rise drops to 13 degrees

130 * (Watts / Square Inches)

How to calculate the required area of heatsink.

the formula you want to use is 130 degrees C / Watt / Square inch

So say you have 80 square inches and the amp will be about 50% efficient so 40 watts dissipation That will be 65 degrees C temperature rise making the heat sink 100 degrees C at 100% duty cycle. SSB is around 30% AM linear would be higher.

2 to 3 square inches of surface area for every watt of dissipation.

Fins vertical is the most efficient heat radiator

Fins up second best

Fins down useless without a fan.